Carbadox is a veterinary drug that combats bacterial infection in swine, particularly swine dysentery. In early 2004, it was banned by the Canadian government as a livestock feed additive and for human consumption, since it is carcinogenic and induces birth defects, as was shown in animal experiments.[not in citation given] The European Union also forbids the use of carbadox at any level. It is approved in the United States for use in swine for up to 42 days before slaughter, but in 2016, the United States Food and Drug Administration moved to ban its use in pork, citing a potential cancer risk to humans. Australia forbids the use of carbadox in food producing animals.